Astronaut Thomas Stafford, commander of Apollo 10 mission, died at the age of 93 on Monday.
Stafford commanded a dress rehearsal flight for the 1969 moon landing, Apollo 11, and the first U.S.-Soviet space linkup.
He died in a hospital near his Space Coast Florida home, said Max Ary, director of the Stafford Air & Space Museum in Weatherford, Oklahoma.
The retired Air Force three-star general took part in four space missions. Before Apollo 10, he flew on two Gemini flights, including the first rendezvous of two U.S. capsules in orbit.
Stafford was one of 24 NASA astronauts who flew to the moon, but he did not land on it. The Apollo 10 mission in May 1969 set the stage for Apollo 11’s historic mission two months later.
‘Today General Tom Stafford went to the eternal heavens which he so courageously explored as a Gemini and Apollo astronaut as well as a peacemaker in Apollo Soyuz,’ NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said in a post on X.
Astronaut Thomas Stafford, commander of Apollo 10 mission, has died at the age of 93 on Monday
The retired Air Force three-star general commanded a dress rehearsal flight for the 1969 moon landing and the first U.S.-Soviet space linkup. (pictured: Stafford in August 1965 near the NASA Motor Vessel Retriever in the Gulf of Mexico during training)
‘Godspeed, General Tom Stafford. Thank you for your contributions to NASA, and the world,’ Nelson added along with a touching tribute video in honor of Stafford.
‘Those of us privileged to know him are very sad but grateful we knew a giant.’
After he retired from space, Stafford became a key figure for NASA when it sought independent advice on everything from human Mars missions, to safety issues, to returning to flight after the 2003 space shuttle Columbia accident.
He chaired an oversight group that looked into how to fix the then-flawed Hubble Space Telescope, earning a NASA public service award.
Also known as the ‘Father of Stealth,’ Stafford was in charged of the famous Area 51 desert base that was the site of many UFO theories and the home where Air Force stealth technologies were tested.
During his Apollo 10 trip, Stafford and Gene Cernan, another American astronaut, took the lunar lander nicknamed Snoopy within nine miles of the moon´s surface.
Astronaut John Young stayed behind in the main spaceship dubbed Charlie Brown.
‘The most impressive sight, I think, that really changed your view of things is when you first see Earth,’ Stafford said in 1997 as he talked about the view from lunar orbit.
Apollo 10´s return to Earth set the world´s record for fastest speed by a crewed vehicle at 24,791mph.
After the moon landings ended, NASA and the Soviet Union decided on a joint docking mission and Stafford, a one-star general at the time, was chosen to command the American side.
After he retired from space, Stafford became a key figure for NASA when it sought independent advice on everything from human Mars missions, to safety issues, to returning to flight after the 2003 space shuttle Columbia disaster
Stafford in orbit during NASA’s Gemini 9A mission, on June 5, 1966
He took part in intensive language training, being followed by the KGB while in the Soviet Union, and made lifelong friendships with cosmonauts.
The two teams of space travelers even went to Disney World and rode Space Mountain together before going into orbit and joining ships.
The 1975 mission included two days where the five men worked together on experiments. After, the two teams toured the world together, meeting President Gerald Ford and Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
‘It helped prove to the rest of the world that two completely opposite political systems could work together,’ he recalled at a 30th anniversary gathering in 2005.
The two crews became so close that years later Leonov arranged for Stafford to be able to adopt two Russian boys when Stafford was in his 70s.
‘We are too old to adopt, but they were too old to be adopted,’ Stafford told The Oklahoman in 2004.
‘They just added so much meaning to our life, and just because you´re retiring doesn’t mean you don´t have anything left to give.’
Later, Stafford was a central part of discussions in the 1990s that brought Russia into the partnership building and operating the International Space Station.
Growing up in Weatherford, Oklahoma, Stafford said he would look up and see giant DC-3 airplanes fly overhead on early transcontinental routes.
‘I wanted to fly since I was 5 or 6 years old seeing those airplanes,’ he told NASA historians.
Stafford went to the U.S. Naval Academy where he graduated in the top one percent of his class and flew in the backseat of some airplanes and enjoyed it.
He volunteered for the Air Force and had hoped to fly combat in the Korean War. But by the time he got his wings, the war ended. He went to the Air Force´s experimental test pilot school, graduated first in his class there and stayed on as an instructor.
Stafford (right) is survived by his wife. Linda, two sons, two daughters and two stepchildren. (pictured: Russian cosmonaut Alexei Leonov (left) and Stafford speaking to the media in Moscow in July 2010)
Stafford (left) is seen with Vice President Spiro T. Agnew (center) and Al Siepert, deputy director of the Kennedy Space Center to watch the Apollo 11 take off in July 1969
In 1962, NASA selected Stafford for its second set of astronauts, which included Neil Armstrong, Frank Borman and Pete Conrad.
Stafford was assigned along with Wally Schirra to Gemini 6. Their original mission was to rendezvous with an empty spaceship.
But their 1965 launch was scrubbed when the spaceship exploded soon after liftoff. NASA improvised and in December, Gemini 6 rendezvoused with but didn’t dock with two astronauts aboard Gemini 7.
Stafford´s next flight in 1966 was with Cernan on Gemini 9. Cernan´s spacewalk, connected to a jet-pack like device, didn´t go well.
Cernan complained that the sun and machine made him extra hot and hurt his back. Then his visor fogged up and he couldn´t see.
‘Call it quits, Gene. Get out of there,’ Stafford, the commander, told Cernan.
In all, Stafford logged 507 hours in space and flew four different types of spacecraft and 127 types of aircraft and helicopters.
After the Apollo-Soyuz mission, Stafford returned to the Air Force and worked in research and commanded the Air Force Flight Test Center before retiring in 1979 as a three-star general.
He is survived by his wife. Linda, two sons, two daughters and two stepchildren, according to the museum.
